Human papillomavirus infections

The relationship between Human Papillomavirus and Epstein-Barr virus infections with breast cancer of Iranian patients

Background: Breast cancer is the malignancy in humans and other mammals. Several risk factors are involved in their appearance such as higher hormone levels and obesity. Identification of a mouse mammary tumor virus supports a viral etiology for breast tumors in animals. Viruses have been implicated in the development of various cancers, but viral induction for formation breast cancer is contro...

Human papillomavirus infections and vulvar disease development.

BACKGROUND We describe the prevalence of 14 common types [human papillomavirus (HPV)-6/11/16/18/31/33/35/39/45/51/52/56/58/59] in vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia grades 1 to 3 (VIN 1-3) and HPV genotype-specific infection in relation to the development of VIN 1-3. METHODS Data were analyzed from women enrolled in the placebo arms of three randomized double-blind trials. Anogenital examinatio...

The epidemiology of human papillomavirus infections.

Infection with oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) types is a necessary cause of cervical cancer, the second most frequently occurring cancer in women worldwide. Rates of acquisition of HPV are high, particularly among sexually active young adults. Reported estimates of incident HPV infection among initially negative women have reached as high as 60% over a 5-year follow-up period. In this art...

Epidemiology of Anogenital Human Papillomavirus Infections

Human papillomavirus infections in primary care.

Cervical cancer continues to be a leading cause of mortality worldwide. The incidence and mortality associated with invasive cervical cancer have declined significantly in developed countries due to widespread availability of screening with the Papanicolaou (Pap) test. However, the incidence and prevalence of non-invasive cervical intraepithelial neoplasms and genital warts related to oncogenic...